package filepath

Import Path
	path/filepath (on go.dev)

Dependency Relation
	imports 8 packages, and imported by 6 packages

Involved Source Files match.go Package filepath implements utility routines for manipulating filename paths in a way compatible with the target operating system-defined file paths. The filepath package uses either forward slashes or backslashes, depending on the operating system. To process paths such as URLs that always use forward slashes regardless of the operating system, see the [path] package. path_nonwindows.go path_unix.go symlink.go symlink_unix.go
Code Examples package main import ( "fmt" "path/filepath" ) func main() { fmt.Println("On Unix:") fmt.Println(filepath.Base("/foo/bar/baz.js")) fmt.Println(filepath.Base("/foo/bar/baz")) fmt.Println(filepath.Base("/foo/bar/baz/")) fmt.Println(filepath.Base("dev.txt")) fmt.Println(filepath.Base("../todo.txt")) fmt.Println(filepath.Base("..")) fmt.Println(filepath.Base(".")) fmt.Println(filepath.Base("/")) fmt.Println(filepath.Base("")) } package main import ( "fmt" "path/filepath" ) func main() { fmt.Println("On Unix:") fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("/foo/bar/baz.js")) fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("/foo/bar/baz")) fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("/foo/bar/baz/")) fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("/dirty//path///")) fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("dev.txt")) fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("../todo.txt")) fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("..")) fmt.Println(filepath.Dir(".")) fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("/")) fmt.Println(filepath.Dir("")) } package main import ( "fmt" "path/filepath" ) func main() { fmt.Printf("No dots: %q\n", filepath.Ext("index")) fmt.Printf("One dot: %q\n", filepath.Ext("index.js")) fmt.Printf("Two dots: %q\n", filepath.Ext("main.test.js")) } package main import ( "fmt" "path/filepath" ) func main() { fmt.Println("On Unix:") fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs("/home/gopher")) fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs(".bashrc")) fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs("..")) fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs(".")) fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs("/")) fmt.Println(filepath.IsAbs("")) } package main import ( "fmt" "path/filepath" ) func main() { fmt.Println("On Unix:") fmt.Println(filepath.Join("a", "b", "c")) fmt.Println(filepath.Join("a", "b/c")) fmt.Println(filepath.Join("a/b", "c")) fmt.Println(filepath.Join("a/b", "/c")) fmt.Println(filepath.Join("a/b", "../../../xyz")) } package main import ( "fmt" "path/filepath" ) func main() { fmt.Println("On Unix:") fmt.Println(filepath.Match("/home/catch/*", "/home/catch/foo")) fmt.Println(filepath.Match("/home/catch/*", "/home/catch/foo/bar")) fmt.Println(filepath.Match("/home/?opher", "/home/gopher")) fmt.Println(filepath.Match("/home/\\*", "/home/*")) } package main import ( "fmt" "path/filepath" ) func main() { paths := []string{ "/a/b/c", "/b/c", "./b/c", } base := "/a" fmt.Println("On Unix:") for _, p := range paths { rel, err := filepath.Rel(base, p) fmt.Printf("%q: %q %v\n", p, rel, err) } } package main import ( "fmt" "path/filepath" ) func main() { paths := []string{ "/home/arnie/amelia.jpg", "/mnt/photos/", "rabbit.jpg", "/usr/local//go", } fmt.Println("On Unix:") for _, p := range paths { dir, file := filepath.Split(p) fmt.Printf("input: %q\n\tdir: %q\n\tfile: %q\n", p, dir, file) } } package main import ( "fmt" "path/filepath" ) func main() { fmt.Println("On Unix:", filepath.SplitList("/a/b/c:/usr/bin")) } //go:build !windows && !plan9 package main import ( "fmt" "io/fs" "os" "path/filepath" ) func prepareTestDirTree(tree string) (string, error) { tmpDir, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "") if err != nil { return "", fmt.Errorf("error creating temp directory: %v\n", err) } err = os.MkdirAll(filepath.Join(tmpDir, tree), 0755) if err != nil { os.RemoveAll(tmpDir) return "", err } return tmpDir, nil } func main() { tmpDir, err := prepareTestDirTree("dir/to/walk/skip") if err != nil { fmt.Printf("unable to create test dir tree: %v\n", err) return } defer os.RemoveAll(tmpDir) os.Chdir(tmpDir) subDirToSkip := "skip" fmt.Println("On Unix:") err = filepath.Walk(".", func(path string, info fs.FileInfo, err error) error { if err != nil { fmt.Printf("prevent panic by handling failure accessing a path %q: %v\n", path, err) return err } if info.IsDir() && info.Name() == subDirToSkip { fmt.Printf("skipping a dir without errors: %+v \n", info.Name()) return filepath.SkipDir } fmt.Printf("visited file or dir: %q\n", path) return nil }) if err != nil { fmt.Printf("error walking the path %q: %v\n", tmpDir, err) return } }
Package-Level Type Names (total 3, in which 1 is exported)
/* sort exporteds by: | */
WalkFunc is the type of the function called by Walk to visit each file or directory. The path argument contains the argument to Walk as a prefix. That is, if Walk is called with root argument "dir" and finds a file named "a" in that directory, the walk function will be called with argument "dir/a". The directory and file are joined with Join, which may clean the directory name: if Walk is called with the root argument "x/../dir" and finds a file named "a" in that directory, the walk function will be called with argument "dir/a", not "x/../dir/a". The info argument is the fs.FileInfo for the named path. The error result returned by the function controls how Walk continues. If the function returns the special value SkipDir, Walk skips the current directory (path if info.IsDir() is true, otherwise path's parent directory). If the function returns the special value SkipAll, Walk skips all remaining files and directories. Otherwise, if the function returns a non-nil error, Walk stops entirely and returns that error. The err argument reports an error related to path, signaling that Walk will not walk into that directory. The function can decide how to handle that error; as described earlier, returning the error will cause Walk to stop walking the entire tree. Walk calls the function with a non-nil err argument in two cases. First, if an os.Lstat on the root directory or any directory or file in the tree fails, Walk calls the function with path set to that directory or file's path, info set to nil, and err set to the error from os.Lstat. Second, if a directory's Readdirnames method fails, Walk calls the function with path set to the directory's path, info, set to an fs.FileInfo describing the directory, and err set to the error from Readdirnames. func Walk(root string, fn WalkFunc) error
Package-Level Functions (total 43, in which 20 are exported)
Abs returns an absolute representation of path. If the path is not absolute it will be joined with the current working directory to turn it into an absolute path. The absolute path name for a given file is not guaranteed to be unique. Abs calls Clean on the result.
Base returns the last element of path. Trailing path separators are removed before extracting the last element. If the path is empty, Base returns ".". If the path consists entirely of separators, Base returns a single separator.
Clean returns the shortest path name equivalent to path by purely lexical processing. It applies the following rules iteratively until no further processing can be done: 1. Replace multiple Separator elements with a single one. 2. Eliminate each . path name element (the current directory). 3. Eliminate each inner .. path name element (the parent directory) along with the non-.. element that precedes it. 4. Eliminate .. elements that begin a rooted path: that is, replace "/.." by "/" at the beginning of a path, assuming Separator is '/'. The returned path ends in a slash only if it represents a root directory, such as "/" on Unix or `C:\` on Windows. Finally, any occurrences of slash are replaced by Separator. If the result of this process is an empty string, Clean returns the string ".". On Windows, Clean does not modify the volume name other than to replace occurrences of "/" with `\`. For example, Clean("//host/share/../x") returns `\\host\share\x`. See also Rob Pike, “Lexical File Names in Plan 9 or Getting Dot-Dot Right,” https://9p.io/sys/doc/lexnames.html
Dir returns all but the last element of path, typically the path's directory. After dropping the final element, Dir calls Clean on the path and trailing slashes are removed. If the path is empty, Dir returns ".". If the path consists entirely of separators, Dir returns a single separator. The returned path does not end in a separator unless it is the root directory.
Ext returns the file name extension used by path. The extension is the suffix beginning at the final dot in the final element of path; it is empty if there is no dot.
FromSlash returns the result of replacing each slash ('/') character in path with a separator character. Multiple slashes are replaced by multiple separators.
Glob returns the names of all files matching pattern or nil if there is no matching file. The syntax of patterns is the same as in Match. The pattern may describe hierarchical names such as /usr/*/bin/ed (assuming the Separator is '/'). Glob ignores file system errors such as I/O errors reading directories. The only possible returned error is ErrBadPattern, when pattern is malformed.
HasPrefix exists for historical compatibility and should not be used. Deprecated: HasPrefix does not respect path boundaries and does not ignore case when required.
IsAbs reports whether the path is absolute.
IsLocal reports whether path, using lexical analysis only, has all of these properties: - is within the subtree rooted at the directory in which path is evaluated - is not an absolute path - is not empty - on Windows, is not a reserved name such as "NUL" If IsLocal(path) returns true, then Join(base, path) will always produce a path contained within base and Clean(path) will always produce an unrooted path with no ".." path elements. IsLocal is a purely lexical operation. In particular, it does not account for the effect of any symbolic links that may exist in the filesystem.
Join joins any number of path elements into a single path, separating them with an OS specific Separator. Empty elements are ignored. The result is Cleaned. However, if the argument list is empty or all its elements are empty, Join returns an empty string. On Windows, the result will only be a UNC path if the first non-empty element is a UNC path.
Match reports whether name matches the shell file name pattern. The pattern syntax is: pattern: { term } term: '*' matches any sequence of non-Separator characters '?' matches any single non-Separator character '[' [ '^' ] { character-range } ']' character class (must be non-empty) c matches character c (c != '*', '?', '\\', '[') '\\' c matches character c character-range: c matches character c (c != '\\', '-', ']') '\\' c matches character c lo '-' hi matches character c for lo <= c <= hi Match requires pattern to match all of name, not just a substring. The only possible returned error is ErrBadPattern, when pattern is malformed. On Windows, escaping is disabled. Instead, '\\' is treated as path separator.
Rel returns a relative path that is lexically equivalent to targpath when joined to basepath with an intervening separator. That is, Join(basepath, Rel(basepath, targpath)) is equivalent to targpath itself. On success, the returned path will always be relative to basepath, even if basepath and targpath share no elements. An error is returned if targpath can't be made relative to basepath or if knowing the current working directory would be necessary to compute it. Rel calls Clean on the result.
Split splits path immediately following the final Separator, separating it into a directory and file name component. If there is no Separator in path, Split returns an empty dir and file set to path. The returned values have the property that path = dir+file.
SplitList splits a list of paths joined by the OS-specific ListSeparator, usually found in PATH or GOPATH environment variables. Unlike strings.Split, SplitList returns an empty slice when passed an empty string.
ToSlash returns the result of replacing each separator character in path with a slash ('/') character. Multiple separators are replaced by multiple slashes.
VolumeName returns leading volume name. Given "C:\foo\bar" it returns "C:" on Windows. Given "\\host\share\foo" it returns "\\host\share". On other platforms it returns "".
Walk walks the file tree rooted at root, calling fn for each file or directory in the tree, including root. All errors that arise visiting files and directories are filtered by fn: see the WalkFunc documentation for details. The files are walked in lexical order, which makes the output deterministic but requires Walk to read an entire directory into memory before proceeding to walk that directory. Walk does not follow symbolic links. Walk is less efficient than WalkDir, introduced in Go 1.16, which avoids calling os.Lstat on every visited file or directory.
WalkDir walks the file tree rooted at root, calling fn for each file or directory in the tree, including root. All errors that arise visiting files and directories are filtered by fn: see the fs.WalkDirFunc documentation for details. The files are walked in lexical order, which makes the output deterministic but requires WalkDir to read an entire directory into memory before proceeding to walk that directory. WalkDir does not follow symbolic links. WalkDir calls fn with paths that use the separator character appropriate for the operating system. This is unlike [io/fs.WalkDir], which always uses slash separated paths.
Package-Level Variables (total 4, in which 3 are exported)
ErrBadPattern indicates a pattern was malformed.
SkipAll is used as a return value from WalkFuncs to indicate that all remaining files and directories are to be skipped. It is not returned as an error by any function.
SkipDir is used as a return value from WalkFuncs to indicate that the directory named in the call is to be skipped. It is not returned as an error by any function.
Package-Level Constants (total 2, both are exported)